Famous events that have taken place January 1
January 1 is all about new beginnings. Upon waking up on the
first day of a new year, it’s not uncommon for people to turn over
a new leaf or look ahead to the months to come. But the first day
of the new year also merits a look back, as many historical events
have taken place on January 1.
• 45 BC: Of the many memorable events to take place on January
1, perhaps none had a more lasting effect than January 1 in
45 BC. That’s the day when the Roman Empire officially adopted
the Julian calendar, which established January 1 as the first day of
the new year.
• 404: Gladiatorial fights are banned by Christian Emperor
Honorius, who issues the ban after the Christian monk Telemachus
is stoned to death by a crowd as he tries to stop a gladiatorial
fight in a Roman ampitheater.
• 1500: The coast of Brazil is discovered by Portuguese explorer
Pedro Álvares Cabral. Cabral is acknowledged as the first
European to discover Brazil and during his voyage in 1500 became
the first human in history to be in four continents.
• 1600: More than 1,600 years after the Roman Empire recognized
January 1 as the start of the new year, Scotland follows suit.
Until this point, Scotland had considered March 25 as the start of
its new year.
• 1776: In the midst of the Revolutionary War, General George
Washington hoists the Grand Union Flag, a precursor to the American
flag, at Prospect Hill in Somerville, Massachusetts. Historians
cite this as the first time any American flag was raised.
• 1801: The United Kingdon of Great Britain and Ireland is
proclaimed. The sovereign state would remain in existence until
1922, when the Irish Free State was established.
• 1863: The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate
territory. The proclamation from U.S. President Abraham
Lincoln changed the legal status of more than 3.5 million African
Americans from enslaved to free.
• 1898: The City of Greater New York is created when New
York, NY, annexes land from surrounding counties. Four boroughs
(Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx) are established,
and a fifth (Staten Island) joined less than a month later.
• 1912: The Republic of China is established. The People’s
Republic of China, which rules the mainland today, cites 1949 as
the official end of the Republic of China.
• 1934: Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay becomes a United
States federal prison. High costs of running the prison would be
one of the major contributing factors to its closure as a detention
facility in 1963. The prison is now a popular tourist attraction.
• 1971: A ban on television ads promoting cigarettes goes into
effect in the United States.
• 1990: David Dinkins is sworn in as the first African American
Mayor of New York City. It was not Dinkins’ first turn as a trailblazer,
as he also was among the first African American U.S. Marines.
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